Ielts Fever General Reading Test 10 Answers


  • B The coal industry has been targeted by its critics as a significant contributor to the greenhouse effect. However, the greenhouse effect is a natural phenomenon involving the increase in global surface temperature due to the presence of greenhouse...
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  • Considerable uncertainty exists, however, about the enhanced greenhouse effect, particularly in relation to the extent and timing of any future increases in global temperature. Greenhouse gases arise from a wide range of sources and their increasing...
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  • Efficiencies are likely to be improved dramatically, and hence CO2 emissions reduced, through combustion and gasification techniques which are now at pilot and demonstration stages. Clean coal is another avenue for improving fuel conversion efficiency. Investigations are under way into superclean coal per cent ash and ultraclean coal less than 1 per cent ash. Superclean coal has the potential to enhance the combustion efficiency of conventional pulverised fuel power plants. Ultraclean coal will enable coal to be used in advanced power systems such as coal-fired gas turbines which, when operated in combined cycle, have the potential to achieve much greater efficiencies. D Defendants of mining point out that, environmentally, coal mining has two important factors in its favour. It makes only temporary use of the land and produces no toxic chemical wastes. By carefully pre-planning projects, implementing pollution control measures, monitoring the effects of mining and rehabilitating mined areas, the coal industry minimises the impact on the neighbouring community, the immediate environment and long-term land capability.
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  • Dust levels are controlled by spraying roads and stockpiles, and water pollution is controlled by carefully separating clean water runoff from runoff which contains sediments or salt from mine workings. The latter is treated and re-used for dust suppression. Noise is controlled by modifying equipment and by using insulation and sound enclosures around machinery. Where the mining is underground, the surface area can be simultaneously used for forests, cattle grazing and crop raising, or even reservoirs and urban development, with little or no disruption to the existing land use.
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  • In all cases, mining is subject to stringent controls and approvals processes. As core samples are extracted to assess the quality and quantity of coal at a site, they are also analysed to assess the ability of the soil or subsoil material to support vegetation. Topsoils are stripped and stockpiled prior to mining for subsequent dispersal over rehabilitated areas. As mining ceases in one section of the open-cut, the disturbed area is reshaped. Drainage within and off the site is carefully designed to make the new land surface as stable as the local environment allows: often dams are built to protect the area from soil erosion and to serve as permanent sources of water. Based on the soil requirements, the land is suitably fertilised and revegetated. Questions Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes on your answer sheet.
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  • B coal mining and electricity generation. C reduced rainfall in many parts of the world. D trends in population and lifestyle.
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  • Paragraph H Questions 8 — 12 Complete each of the following statements Questions 8 — 12 with words taken from Reading Passage 1. Write your answers in boxes 8 — 12 on your answer sheet. Questions 13 and 14 Choose the appropriate letters A — D that best answers the question and write them in boxes 13 and 14 on your answer sheet. A The frequency of refueling stops. B The creation of by-products of the electricity production process. C The volatility of hydrogen. D Keeping hydrogen in cars. A A system producing hydrogen from fossil fuels. B A method producing hydrogen from water vapor. C A process using microscopic organisms to produce hydrogen. D An electrolysis basis hydrogen production system.
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  • The advocates for both sides of the issue have many reasons to clone or not to clone. A recent poll has shown the differences in opinions with half as many women as men approving of the process. Many people find it strange to see such a clear difference between men and women with twenty-six percent of men favouring cloning. Paragraph B So, what is cloning? Then you take the DNA from an adult cell and insert it into the egg, either by fusing the adult cell with the enucleated egg, or by a sophisticated nuclear transfer. You then stimulate the reconstructed egg electrically or chemically and try to make it start to divide and become an embryo. You then use the same process to implant the egg into a surrogate mother that you would use with artificial insemination. The person will not be a Xerox copy. He or she will grow up in a different environment than the clone, with different experiences and different opportunities. Genetics does not wholly define a person and the personality.
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  • Paragraph C In February , when embryologist Ian Wilmut and his colleagues at Roslin Institute in Scotland were able to clone a lamb named Dolly, the world was introduced to a new possibility and will never be the same again. Before this, cloning was thought to be impossible, but now there is living proof that the technology and knowledge to clone animals exist. Questions began to arise within governments and scientific organisations and they began to respond. Are humans next? Is it possible to use this procedure to clone humans also? Would anyone actually try? What can we learn if we clone humans? How will this affect the world? These are only a few of the questions that have surfaced and need answering.
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  • A whole new concept in ethics was created when the birth of Dolly was announced. Paragraph D When the cells used for cloning are stem cells, we are talking about cells that are pluripotential. This means that they have the capacity to develop into any of the numerous differentiated cell types that make up the body. Early embryonic cells are pluripotent and a limited number of stem cells are also found in adults, in bone marrow for instance. There is an important distinction to be made between therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning. Reproductive cloning would be exactly like Dolly; it would involve the creation of a cloned embryo which would then be implanted into a womb to develop to term and the birth of a clone. Paragraph E There is evidence for the effectiveness of therapeutic cloning as shown by work involving the introduction of stem cells into the brain of patients suffering from brain diseases, when the cells which have been added differentiate to form nerve cells which can in turn then lead to recovery of the lost function.
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  • In the US, foetal human cells have been similarly used though recent reports indicate that the results so far are disappointing. However, apart from the ethical problems associated with the use of foetal cells in this way, there are simply not enough cells available for it to be an effective treatment, since it needs the cells from three foetuses to treat one patient. Paragraph F After Dolly, governments began to take control and make laws before anything drastic could ever happen. Several ethics committees were asked to decide whether scientists should be allowed to try to clone humans. In the United States, the Bioethics Advisory Commission recommended a five-year moratorium on cloning a child through somatic cell nuclear transfer.
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  • It was said children created by IVF would be dehumanised and would suffer grave psychological harm. Questions 15 — 20 Reading Passage 2 has 7 paragraphs A — G. Which paragraphs offers information on the following ideas? Write the appropriate letters A — G in boxes 15 — 20 on your answer sheet. One paragraph is used more than once and two are not used at all. Questions 21 — 24 Choose the appropriate letters A — D and write them in boxes 21 — 24 on your answer sheet.
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  • Keywords: art historians, conflicts, art museums. Reproductions of fine art should only be sold to the public if they are of high quality. Keywords: reproductions, sold, high quality. In the last paragraph, the writer mentions high-quality reproductions of fine art and states that the public should have access to them, but no reference is made to the sale of such reproductions. In the future, those with power are likely to encourage more people to enjoy art. Keywords: those with power, encourage, enjoy art.
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  • Wetlands A Millions of people depend for their livelihoods on intact and functioning wetlands. Wetlands provide them with the main resources for their existence, such as water, food, and materials. In addition, they act as transport corridors and provide protection against floods, drought and saltwater intrusion.
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  • Sustainable development, therefore, means recognizing and integrating these environmental values and services into development plans and activities. Unfortunately, the development and aid sector are not always aware of the values and services that wetlands deliver. Wetlands are also of crucial value to people. Because of the close interaction of water and land, wetlands are highly productive ecosystems with the potential to support large human populations. Many people in the developing world depend on wetlands to realize a sustainable livelihood. As well as providing water, food, and materials, transport corridors and protection against flood, drought and saltwater intrusion as stated above wetlands also purify water supplies, sequester carbon dioxide and recharge groundwater reserves.
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  • More recently, through eco-tourism and new economic analyses such as rights, wetlands have become the focus of innovative conservation-based economic development and poverty reduction opportunities. C Wetlands are the most highly threatened of all ecosystems, and pressure on them is likely to intensify over the coming decades due to rapidly increasing water consumption, over-exploitation of natural resources and climate change. Problems also result from the narrow approaches taken to economic development, economic subsidies which do not consider the link between ecosystem services and human livelihoods, or poorly formulated responses to poverty.
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  • Another reason is that large-scale development plans are often driven by one sector e. In addition, poor people often have no alternative to over-exploitation due to lack of any other means of existence. E Despite intentions to the contrary, wetlands are frequently improperly managed, leading to the destruction of environmental services and products and a subsequent escalation in poverty among those whose livelihoods are reliant on such products and services. As a consequence of such mismanagement, the vulnerability of the poorest of the poor increases, leading to a further cyclical decline in opportunities for both environment and people.
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  • Although wetlands do not provide all that is needed for socially equitable development, there is strong evidence that poverty increases in wetlands that are degraded. Maintaining and restoring wetlands is therefore in the direct interest of the poor. Questions Reading Passage has five sections, A-F. Choose the most suitable heading for sections B-F from the list of headings below. Write the correct number, i-ix in boxes on your answer sheet. List of Headings.
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  • The latest check-in is 45 minutes before departure. Passengers must deposit their hold baggage at the flight desk where they will be issued with a boarding pass and a seat number. If your hold baggage exceeds the maximum weight of 28 kg you must switch some items to your hand luggage. All items must be kept in a single, transparent, plastic bag, approximately 20 cm x 20 cm, knotted or tied at the top, which holds no more than 1 litre.. All items of hand luggage will be screened by x-ray. Questions 1 to 7 Do the following statements agree with the information given in the text? Passengers must leave their hand luggage cabin baggage at the flight desk no later than 45 minutes before departure.
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  • Typically this means that you cannot be fired for bad timekeeping without receiving prior verbal and written warnings. In UK employment law there is always a contract between an employer and an employee whether or not it is written down. However, an employee can be dismissed immediately for gross misconduct such as theft, indecent behaviour, or drinking alcohol on duty.
    Link: https://prweb.com/releases/2015/07/prweb12828465.htm
  • Charges The prices displayed on the website are the total for your requested stay and are inclusive of breakfast served from Extras such as evening meals and drinks are additional. The balance of the booking is paid on departure. Bookings made on a special discounted rate require full prepayment for the entire booking at the time of the booking, and are non-refundable and non-transferable. Payment can be made by credit or debit card. We recommend that you take out a holiday cancellation insurance policy that covers cancellations through accidents and illness. Arrival and departure Guests may check in at any time from An early check-in is available from All guests are requested to vacate their rooms by A late checkout is available up to The agent responsible for the booking will be debited with the costs.
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  • Parking There is plenty of free parking at the rear of the hotel. The management does not accept liability for loss or damage to vehicles unless caused by ourselves. Questions 15 to 20 Answer the questions below. How can guests make a reservation before they arrive? Which meal incurs no extra charge? What cost is incurred for a cancellation made before the booking date? What is the latest time that a guest can vacate their room on departure? Who pays for replacement keys? Questions 21 to 27 Read the text below and answer Questions 21 to In some hard-water areas it may be necessary to use filtered water.
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  • Do not fill the kettle with more water than you need because this wastes energy. Switch the kettle on to boil. Do not wait until the kettle is boiling before preheating the teapot because the water will need to be boiled again and this wastes energy. A cold teapot absorbs some of the heat needed for the brewing process. One tea bag per person will make a strong brew. Two tea bags, properly infused, are sufficient to make three cups of tea with the correct amount of water in the teapot. Place the lid on the pot and put on the tea cosy to keep the brew warm. A teapot stand will protect the work surface from the heat of the pot. If you prefer black tea, then two minutes might be sufficient, whereas a herbal or fruit tea might need at least six minutes. Alternatively you can wait until the tea has been poured out before adding the milk and sugar, if you prefer.
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  • Biscuits are an optional extra. Digestives and Rich-tea biscuits are ideal for dunking. Questions 21 to 27 Complete the sentences below. Some people fill the kettle with too much water, which………………………… Before the kettle boils you can………………………. Preheating the teapot helps with the …………………………………. It is possible to make three cups of tea from two tea bags ……………………………………… The heat of the pot can damage the ………………………………………… Black tea can reach the……………………………………… after two minutes. Some people……………………………………… to add milk and sugar last. Section 3 Read the passage and answer Questions 28 to If the rope was passed over a pulley wheel it made the lifting less strenuous.
    Link: https://reddit.com/r/jobs/comments/alh1j9/has_anyone_completed_the_supervisory_skills/

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