Chapter 1 Test Matter And Change Answer Key


  • Heat is thermal energy. Temperature is the measurement of average kinetic energy of the particles which compose the matter being tested. When heat flows into a material, one of two things can happen — the temperature of the material can rise,...
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  • Which beaker contains water molecules that have greater average kinetic energy? Explain your answer. Since beaker B is at a higher temperature than beaker A, the water molecules must be moving faster in beaker B than in beaker A on average. If heat...
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  • Explain the relationship between models and theories. In most cases they tend to be indistinguishable. Quantum mechanics provides a theory of the electrons within the atom, because it explains their discrete energy levels. Why is the conservation of energy considered a law, not a theory? Laws of conservation is a law and not a theory because it states that a particular measurable property of an isolated physical system does not change as the system evolves. Measurements and Calculations in Chemistry Why is it important to keep track of significant figures?
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  • Significant figures are how accurate your measurements are If you add several numbers, how many significant figures can the sum have? The number whose farthest right significant digit determines it. Whatever place that digit is in is the last significant digit in the sum. If you multiply several numbers, how many significant figures can the product have? Rules for significant figures: 1 All non-zero digits are always significant. Perform the following calculations, and express the answers with the correct number of significant figures.
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  • Sample Papers Notes on Matter in our Surroundings 1. Matter- Matter is anything which occupies space and has mass is called matter. Air and water, sugar and sand, hydrogen and oxygen etc. Matter is made up of very small tiny particles. Particles of matter have space between them they attract each other. Classification- On the basis of physical properties, matter is classified as solids, liquids and gases. On the basis of chemical properties, matter is classified as elements, compounds and mixtures. Liquids do not have a definite shape but can flow. Physical properties of matter- Matter is made up of particles which are very small in size. Everything around us is made up of tiny pieces or particles. The particles of matter are constantly moving they are in motion. The particles which make up matter are atoms and molecules. Interchange in states of matter- Matter can change its state in solid, liquid or gas depending upon the type of matter.
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  • Diffusion- The mixing of a substance with another substance due to the motion or movement of its particles is called diffusion. It is one of the properties of materials. The diffusion of one substance into another substance goes on until a uniform mixture is formed. Diffusion takes place in gases, liquids and solids. Latent heat- Latent heat is the heat energy which has to be supplied to change the state of a substance.
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  • Latent heat does not increase the temperature of a substance. But latent heat has to be supplied in order to change the state of a substance. Latent heat can be of fusion or of vaporization. Sublimation- The changing of a solid directly into vapours on heating and of vapours into solid on cooling, is known as sublimation. When these solid substances are heated, their particles move quickly and they separate completely to form vapor or gas. Similarly when these vapor or gas is cooled, these particles slow down so quickly that they become fixed and form a solid. Evaporation- The process of conversion of a liquid into vapour or gas at its boiling point is called evaporation. Some particles in liquid always have more kinetic energy than the others. So, even when a liquid is well below its boiling point, some of its particles have enough energy to break the forces of attraction between the particles and escape from the surface of the liquid in the form of vapour.
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  • Thus the fast moving particles of a liquid are constantly escaping from the liquid to form vapor or gas. Temperature, surface area of liquid, humidity, and wind speed are fators that affect evaporation. Evaporation causes cooling effect. Effect of Change of Pressure: The physical state of matter can also be changed by increasing or decreasing the pressure to it. Gases can be liquefied by applying pressure and lowering temperature. When high pressure is applied to a gas, it gets compressed, and when in addition to it we lower its temperature, it gets converted into liquid. So, we can also say that gases can be turned into liquids by compression and cooling.
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  • If you are currently in school or have been at least to high school, this is the worksheet that will help you. Many people who are currently in public school students or those who have not graduated from high school already are having difficulty with the mathematics area of their school work. There are some other ways to go about getting your classes done and the Classifications Of Matter Worksheet Answer Key helps you to do so. It will also provide you with an answer key, which helps you to quickly and easily write the answers for students who are struggling with a particular area of math. Once the student has finished the worksheet, you can then work on the problem areas and solve the problems that you find with the answer key. These solutions will help you to give students the mental boost that will enable them to continue to work through the problems and solve them as well.
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  • The classifies worksheet works and has information on all the areas of math that you will find in your school. It will help you identify the problem areas that you will need to have your students work through and help you find the answer key that will help you to quickly and easily write out the solutions. The Classifications Worksheet Answer Key has been designed to help students who are struggling in math so that they can be able to complete their school work. It will have all the information that you will need to find the answer key for students who are struggling and will give you the time that you need to write out the answers for your students.
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  • This worksheet is going to help you teach your students to be more focused and to work harder for their math classwork. It will provide you with the ability to quickly and easily write out the answers for your students, which can help to get them going on their math classwork.
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  • A hot dog has mass and takes up space, so it is matter. Love is an emotion, and emotions are not matter. A tree has mass and takes up space, so it is matter. Test Yourself Which of the following is matter and not matter? Figure 1. To understand matter and how it changes, we need to be able to describe matter. There are two basic ways to describe matter: physical properties and chemical properties. Physical properties are characteristics that describe matter as it exists. Some of many physical characteristics of matter are shape, color, size, and temperature. An important physical property is the phase or state of matter. The three fundamental phases of matter are solid, liquid, and gas see Figure 1.
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  • The fact that this match burns is a chemical property of the match. Chemical properties are characteristics of matter that describe how matter changes form in the presence of other matter. Does a sample of matter burn? Burning is a chemical property. Does it behave violently when put in water? This reaction is a chemical property as well Figure 1. In the following chapters, we will see how descriptions of physical and chemical properties are important aspects of chemistry. The solid ice melts into liquid water—a physical change. If matter always stayed the same, chemistry would be rather boring. Fortunately, a major part of chemistry involves change. A physical change occurs when a sample of matter changes one or more of its physical properties. For example, a solid may melt Figure 1.
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  • A physical change does not affect the chemical composition of matter. A chemical change is the process of demonstrating a chemical property, such as the burning match in Figure 1. As the matter in the match burns, its chemical composition changes, and new forms of matter with new physical properties are created. Note that chemical changes are frequently accompanied by physical changes, as the new matter will likely have different physical properties from the original matter. Example 2 Describe each process as a physical change or a chemical change.
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  • An element is the simplest type of chemical substance; it cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances by ordinary chemical means. There are about elements known to science, of which 80 are stable. Each element has its own unique set of physical and chemical properties. Examples of elements include iron, carbon, and gold. A compound is a combination of more than one element. The physical and chemical properties of a compound are different from the physical and chemical properties of its constituent elements; that is, it behaves as a completely different substance.
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  • There are over 50 million compounds known, and more are being discovered daily. Examples of compounds include water, penicillin, and sodium chloride the chemical name for common table salt. Elements and compounds are not the only ways in which matter can be present. We frequently encounter objects that are physical combinations of more than one element or compound. Physical combinations of more than one substance are called mixtures. There are two types of mixtures. A heterogeneous mixture is a mixture composed of two or more substances. It is easy to tell, sometimes by the naked eye, that more than one substance is present. A homogeneous mixture is a combination of two or more substances that is so intimately mixed that the mixture behaves as a single substance.
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  • Another word for a homogeneous mixture is solution. Thus, a combination of salt and steel wool is a heterogeneous mixture because it is easy to see which particles of the matter are salt crystals and which are steel wool. On the other hand, if you take salt crystals and dissolve them in water, it is very difficult to tell that you have more than one substance present just by looking—even if you use a powerful microscope. The salt dissolved in water is a homogeneous mixture, or a solution Figure 1.
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  • On the right, the salt crystals have dissolved in the water so finely that you cannot tell that salt is present. The homogeneous mixture appears like a single substance. Example 3 Identify the following combinations as heterogeneous mixtures or homogenous mixtures. Solution Because carbon dioxide is dissolved in water, we can infer from the behaviour of salt crystals dissolved in water that carbon dioxide dissolved in water is also a homogeneous mixture.
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  • Assuming that the iron and sulfur are simply mixed together, it should be easy to see what is iron and what is sulfur, so this is a heterogeneous mixture. Test Yourself Are the following combinations homogeneous mixtures or heterogeneous mixtures? We can usually divide elements into metals and nonmetals, and each set shares certain but not always all properties. A metal is an element that is solid at room temperature although mercury is a well-known exception , is shiny and silvery, conducts electricity and heat well, can be pounded into thin sheets a property called malleability , and can be drawn into thin wires a property called ductility.
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  • On the right, elemental sulfur is a yellow nonmetal that usually is found as a powder. Chemistry Is Everywhere: In the Morning Most people have a morning ritual, a process that they go through every morning to get ready for the day. Chemistry appears in many of these activities. If you take a shower or bath in the morning, you probably use soap, shampoo, or both. These items contain chemicals that interact with the oil and dirt on your body and hair to remove them and wash them away.
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  • Many of these products also contain chemicals that make you smell good; they are called fragrances. When you brush your teeth in the morning, you usually use toothpaste, a form of soap, to clean your teeth. Toothpastes typically contain tiny, hard particles called abrasives that physically scrub your teeth. Many toothpastes also contain fluoride, a substance that chemically interacts with the surface of the teeth to help prevent cavities. Perhaps you take vitamins, supplements, or medicines every morning. Vitamins and other supplements contain chemicals your body needs in small amounts to function properly. Medicines are chemicals that help combat diseases and promote health. Perhaps you make some fried eggs for breakfast. Frying eggs involves heating them enough so that a chemical reaction occurs to cook the eggs. After you eat, the food in your stomach is chemically reacted so that the body mostly the intestines can absorb food, water, and other nutrients.
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  • If you drive or take the bus to school or work, you are using a vehicle that probably burns gasoline, a material that burns fairly easily and provides energy to power the vehicle. Recall that burning is a chemical change. These are just a few examples of how chemistry impacts your everyday life. Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. Matter can be described in terms of physical properties and chemical properties. Physical properties and chemical properties of matter can change. Matter is composed of elements and compounds. Combinations of different substances are called mixtures. Elements can be described as metals, nonmetals, and semimetals. Exercises Identify each as either matter or not matter.
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  • Answers Chemistry Matter And Change Chapter 10 Assessment Answer Key Nearly all regard an answering assistance for doctors as a really should for independently practicing physicians and little and medium stage hospitals. The leading advantage of choosing a call answering supplier is always that it enables the doctors to streamline their do the trick as in response to time. They you should not will need to worry about an emergency get in touch with whenever they least expect it. So, how do you end up picking from most of the answering providers for smaller enterprises? Here are a few issues to consider when looking into for the legislation business answering support for you. The answering assistance community has seen a steady decline in markets share as numerous businesses have opted to utilise voicemail.
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  • But due to unfavorable responses from by making use of voicemail know-how, the answering service trade is steadily gaining its foothold back. A reside answering company operator will capture messages and relay them real-time. It is necessary to understand the purpose behind this query and structure your solutions accordingly. Certainly…check out much more. Yahoo Solutions could very well be used like a highly effective link-building software.
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  • What are the conditions for something to be called matter? Why do gases neither have fixed volume nor fixed shape? How does the smell of food being cooked in the kitchen reaches us even from a considerable distance? Explain why does diffusion occurs more quickly in gases than in liquids? By changing the temperature 2.
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  • Sublimation: The change of state of a substance directly from a solid to gas or gas to solid, without changing into the liquid state, is called sublimation. When a high pressure is applied to a gas, it gets compressed and if the temperature is lowered, the gas is liquefied. This is the reason that solid carbon dioxide is also known as dry ice. Evaporation: The process of conversion of a substance from the liquid state to the gaseous state at any temperature below its boiling point is called evaporation or vaporisation.
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  • Evaporation causes cooling: During the process of evaporation, the particles of liquid absorb energy or latent heat of vaporisation from the surrounding to get converted to gaseous state. This absorption of energy from the surroundings make the surroundings cold. For example: The perspiration or sweating in our body keep the body temperature constant by taking away the extra heat from body as the latent heat of vaporisation. Some important physical quantities and their SI units: Try the following questions: Q1. What is the common name of solid carbon dioxide? What is meant by saying that the latent heat of ice is 3. State two conditions necessary to liquefy a gas. Why does temperature remain constant during the boiling of water even though heat is being supplied continuously? Why does desert cooler cool better on a hot, dry day? Why does the naphthalene balls kept in stored clothes in our home disappear over a period of time?
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